36-Week WAEC Revision Programme — Agricultural Science
September to the May WAEC sitting. SS3 is not a year of new material so much as a year of pressure on material already met, so this is not a course to work through from the beginning — it is a testing programme. Each week you answer cold, work the ones you got wrong, and have the AI explain why you got them wrong. Anything you turn out never to have been taught, you learn there and then, and meet again three weeks later.
A week is one block of the syllabus and the prompts that cover it. You are not meant to do all of them: answer the questions first, and let what you get wrong decide which of the rest you need. Fifteen or twenty minutes a subject is a real week's work — nine subjects do not fit any other way.
Every week, in this order
Start with the questions, not the explanation. The first two steps are in every week; a purpose-written mistake or pitfalls prompt appears in about half of them, and where it does not, your own wrong answers are the material for step three.
- 1. Retrieve — Answer cold, with nothing in front of you. Wrong answers are the point — they show you where the week's work is.
- 2. Drill — Work the ones you missed properly, showing every step, so you and the AI can both see where it went wrong.
- 3. Explain my error — Ask why your answer was wrong, not just what the right one is. Where the week offers a Spot My Mistake or WAEC Pitfalls prompt, use it.
- 4. Teach me — Only if the error turns out to be something you were never taught. Then come back and retrieve it again.
Agriculture and Its Development
↑ Jump to week- Week 1
- Quiz: The branches of agriculture and what each studies
- WAEC prep: Agriculture as a source of employment and raw materials
- Spot my mistake: Assuming agriculture means crop farming alone
- Let me explain: The importance of agriculture to the Nigerian economy
- Teach me: What agriculture means and the scope it covers
- Week 2
- Quiz: Inadequate capital and credit facilities for farmers
- WAEC prep: Illiteracy, pests and the effects of climate on farming
- Practice set: Ranking these problems and defending the order
- Spot my mistake: Blaming poor yields on the farmer's effort rather than on land tenure, credit and storage
- Let me explain: Poor storage and transport facilities
- Teach me: Poor land tenure as a brake on agricultural development
- Week 3
- Quiz: Government credit schemes and agricultural banks
- WAEC prep: Past government agricultural programmes and their outcomes
- Practice set: Evaluating whether a named programme achieved its aims
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a fertiliser subsidy reaches the small farmer simply because it has been announced
- Let me explain: Subsidies on fertiliser, seed and equipment
- Teach me: Agricultural research institutes and what they contribute
- Week 4
- Quiz: The features of commercial agriculture
- Quiz: NGO training and extension work with farmers
- WAEC prep: The shift from subsistence to commercial farming in Nigeria
- WAEC prep: The limitations of NGO intervention in agriculture
- Practice set: Comparing NGO and government agricultural support
- Spot my mistake: Assuming subsistence farming is always inefficient
- Spot my mistake: Treating an agricultural NGO as a government agency because it hands out inputs
- Let me explain: The advantages and disadvantages of each system
- Let me explain: NGO support for women and young farmers
- Teach me: The features of subsistence agriculture
- Teach me: What agricultural NGOs do and how they are funded
Revisit from three weeks ago
Farm Ecology and Land Use
↑ Jump to week- Week 5
- Quiz: Biotic and abiotic components of a farm
- WAEC prep: The effect of climatic factors on crop and animal production
- Practice set: How a farmer works with rather than against the ecosystem
- Spot my mistake: Reading the arrow in a food chain as pointing from the consumer to what it eats
- Let me explain: Food chains and food webs on a farm
- Teach me: What an ecosystem is and what makes up a farm ecosystem
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 6
- Quiz: The agricultural uses to which land is put
- Quiz: Urbanisation and the loss of agricultural land
- WAEC prep: Land use planning and the conflicts it must settle
- WAEC prep: Soil degradation and the shrinking of usable land
- Practice set: Measures for conserving agricultural land
- Spot my mistake: Treating all land as equally suitable for farming
- Spot my mistake: Treating a country's total land area and its available farmland as the same figure
- Let me explain: Non-agricultural uses that compete for the same land
- Let me explain: Land tenure and how it restricts access to farmland
- Teach me: Land as a factor of agricultural production
- Teach me: Population pressure and its effect on farmland
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 7
- Quiz: Sedimentary rocks and their characteristics
- WAEC prep: The influence of parent rock on the soil formed from it
- Practice set: Identifying rock types from described characteristics
- Spot my mistake: Assuming every parent rock weathers into a soil of the same texture
- Let me explain: Metamorphic rocks and the changes that produce them
- Teach me: Igneous rocks and how they are formed
Revisit from three weeks ago
Rocks, Soils and Plant Nutrition
↑ Jump to week- Week 8
- Quiz: The factors that influence soil formation
- Quiz: The components of soil and the proportion of each
- WAEC prep: How a soil profile is examined in the field
- WAEC prep: Soil pH and its effect on crop growth
- Practice set: Testing soil properties in a simple school experiment
- Spot my mistake: Confusing soil profile with soil texture
- Spot my mistake: Treating soil texture and soil structure as the same property
- Let me explain: The horizons of a soil profile
- Let me explain: Soil texture and soil structure
- Teach me: Weathering and the processes that break rock into soil
- Teach me: Sandy, clayey and loamy soils compared
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 9
- Quiz: Micro-nutrients and the symptoms of their deficiency
- WAEC prep: The carbon cycle and the phosphorus cycle
- Practice set: Correcting a named nutrient deficiency in the field
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a legume fixes nitrogen by itself rather than through the bacteria in its root nodules
- Let me explain: The nitrogen cycle
- Teach me: Macro-nutrients and the role each plays in a plant
Revisit from three weeks ago
Irrigation, Tools and Mechanisation
↑ Jump to week- Week 10
- Quiz: The importance and the problems of irrigation
- WAEC prep: Sources of agricultural pollution and their effects
- Practice set: Controlling pollution arising from farm chemicals
- Spot my mistake: Assuming more irrigation water always means a better crop
- Let me explain: Drainage methods and why waterlogged land must be drained
- Teach me: The methods of irrigation and where each suits
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 11
- Quiz: The maintenance of simple farm tools
- Quiz: The advantages of mechanisation to a farmer
- WAEC prep: Machinery used in planting, harvesting and processing
- WAEC prep: The problems of mechanisation in Nigeria
- Practice set: Deciding whether a given farm should mechanise
- Spot my mistake: Using the wrong tool and the damage it causes
- Spot my mistake: Treating mechanisation as buying a tractor and nothing more
- Let me explain: Farm machinery used in land preparation
- Let me explain: The disadvantages and limitations of mechanisation
- Teach me: Simple farm tools and the operation each performs
- Teach me: What agricultural mechanisation means
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 12
- Quiz: The husbandry of maize from planting to harvest
- WAEC prep: The husbandry of cassava and yam
- Practice set: Drawing up a husbandry calendar for a named crop
- Spot my mistake: Assuming cassava and yam are raised from seed in the way maize and cowpea are
- Let me explain: The husbandry of cowpea and groundnut
- Teach me: Classifying crops by use and by life cycle
Revisit from three weeks ago
Crop Production and Protection
↑ Jump to week- Week 13
- Quiz: The husbandry of citrus and mango
- WAEC prep: The husbandry of oil palm and cotton
- Practice set: Harvesting and processing a named beverage crop
- Spot my mistake: Assuming cocoa beans are ready for sale as soon as the pods are harvested
- Let me explain: The husbandry of cocoa and coffee
- Teach me: The husbandry of tomato and okra
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 14
- Quiz: Forage crops and their value in livestock feeding
- Quiz: Methods of forest management and regeneration
- WAEC prep: Methods of crop improvement: selection and hybridisation
- WAEC prep: Deforestation, its causes and its consequences
- Practice set: Establishing and caring for ornamental plants
- Spot my mistake: Confusing a pasture with a rangeland
- Spot my mistake: Treating afforestation and reforestation as the same operation
- Let me explain: The aims of crop improvement
- Let me explain: Agro-forestry and the benefits of combining trees with crops
- Teach me: The types of pasture and the grasses used
- Teach me: The importance of forests and forest resources
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 15
- Quiz: How crop diseases are transmitted
- WAEC prep: Cultural and chemical methods of disease control
- Practice set: Diagnosing a crop disease from described symptoms
- Spot my mistake: Treating every spot or wilt on a crop as the work of an insect pest
- Let me explain: The symptoms and effects of crop disease
- Teach me: The causal organisms of crop diseases
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 16
- Quiz: Methods of controlling crop pests
- Quiz: The skeletal and muscular systems of farm animals
- WAEC prep: Methods of weed control, cultural and chemical
- WAEC prep: The male and female reproductive systems in farm animals
- Practice set: The oestrus cycle and signs of heat
- Spot my mistake: Assuming every insect on a crop is a pest
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a farm animal can be served at any time rather than during oestrus
- Let me explain: What a weed is and the harm weeds do
- Let me explain: The respiratory and excretory systems
- Teach me: The classes of crop pests and the damage each causes
- Teach me: The external features of the common farm animals
Revisit from three weeks ago
Animal Production and Fisheries
↑ Jump to week- Week 17
- Quiz: Routine livestock management practices
- WAEC prep: Methods of animal improvement: selection and breeding
- Practice set: Formulating a simple ration for a named animal
- Spot my mistake: Treating the extensive system as cheaper overall because the animals find their own feed
- Let me explain: The classes of animal feed and their functions
- Teach me: Systems of livestock management: extensive and intensive
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 18
- Quiz: The causes of livestock diseases
- Quiz: Fish feeding, stocking and harvesting
- WAEC prep: The prevention and control of livestock diseases
- WAEC prep: The products of apiculture and their uses
- Practice set: The problems facing aquaculture in Nigeria
- Spot my mistake: Treating symptoms without identifying the cause
- Spot my mistake: Siting a fish pond on a steep, freely draining slope so that the water flows well
- Let me explain: The effects of disease on livestock production
- Let me explain: Beekeeping equipment and the management of a hive
- Teach me: The signs of a healthy and an unhealthy animal
- Teach me: Siting and constructing a fish pond
Revisit from three weeks ago
Farm Management, Finance and Marketing
↑ Jump to week- Week 19
- Quiz: Communal and inheritance systems of land holding
- WAEC prep: The Land Use Act and its effect on farming
- Practice set: How tenure affects a farmer's willingness to invest
- Spot my mistake: Assuming the Land Use Act handed outright ownership of land to the individual farmer
- Let me explain: Leasehold, rent and the tenant farmer
- Teach me: The land tenure systems practised in Nigeria
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 20
- Quiz: Co-operative societies as a source of farm credit
- Quiz: Why farm records matter to farm management
- WAEC prep: Government loan schemes and their conditions
- WAEC prep: Profit and loss accounts for a farm business
- Practice set: Preparing simple farm accounts from given figures
- Spot my mistake: The reasons banks are reluctant to lend to small farmers
- Spot my mistake: Treating the farm inventory as a record of the farm's profit
- Let me explain: Commercial and agricultural bank lending to farmers
- Let me explain: The farm inventory and the balance sheet
- Teach me: Personal savings and family sources of farm finance
- Teach me: The types of farm record a farmer should keep
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 21
- Quiz: The risks a farmer can insure against
- WAEC prep: The Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Scheme
- Practice set: The problems limiting the uptake of farm insurance
- Spot my mistake: Assuming farm insurance pays the farmer a profit whenever the harvest is poor
- Let me explain: How premiums and claims work in farm insurance
- Teach me: What agricultural insurance covers
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 22
- Quiz: The functions of agricultural marketing
- WAEC prep: The problems of marketing farm produce in Nigeria
- Practice set: Reducing post-harvest losses during marketing
- Spot my mistake: Treating every middleman as a parasite who adds nothing to the produce
- Let me explain: The role of middlemen in agricultural marketing
- Teach me: The channels through which farm produce is marketed
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 23
- Quiz: Individual extension methods such as the farm visit
- Quiz: Opportunity cost in a farming decision
- WAEC prep: Mass extension methods using radio and print
- WAEC prep: Allocating scarce resources between competing enterprises
- Practice set: Working a farm choice problem from given data
- Spot my mistake: Assuming extension means simply giving farmers orders
- Spot my mistake: Measuring opportunity cost as the money spent rather than as the next best alternative given up
- Let me explain: Group methods: demonstrations, field days and meetings
- Let me explain: The scale of preference applied to farm spending
- Teach me: What agricultural extension is and its objectives
- Teach me: Scarcity of farm resources and the choices it forces
Revisit from three weeks ago
Agricultural Economics and Farm Power
↑ Jump to week- Week 24
- Quiz: The factors that shift the supply of farm produce
- WAEC prep: Elasticity of demand for agricultural products
- Practice set: How a glut and a scarcity each affect the farmer
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a bumper harvest always leaves the farmer better off
- Let me explain: Why agricultural prices fluctuate so sharply
- Teach me: The law of demand applied to farm produce
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 25
- Quiz: The types of agro-allied industry in Nigeria
- Quiz: Ploughs and harrows as tractor-coupled implements
- WAEC prep: The contribution of agro-allied industries to the economy
- WAEC prep: The maintenance of farm machinery
- Practice set: Matching an implement to a field operation
- Spot my mistake: The problems agro-allied industries face in sourcing raw materials
- Spot my mistake: Assuming the harrow is used before the plough in preparing land
- Let me explain: The link between agriculture and industry
- Let me explain: Planters, ridgers and harvesters
- Teach me: What agro-allied industries are
- Teach me: The tractor, its parts and its uses on a farm
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 26
- Quiz: Human and animal power in Nigerian farming
- WAEC prep: The purpose of farm surveying and the instruments used
- Practice set: Taking simple measurements for a farm plan
- Spot my mistake: Assuming animal traction is obsolete and has no place on a Nigerian farm
- Let me explain: Mechanical and electrical power on the farm
- Teach me: The sources of farm power and their relative merits
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 27
- Quiz: The factors considered when siting farm buildings
- WAEC prep: Drawing up a farm plan for a given size of land
- Spot my mistake: The cost of a poorly sited farm building
- Let me explain: The principles of farm planning
- Teach me: What a farmstead is and how it is laid out
Revisit from three weeks ago
Crop Pests, Diseases and Weeds
↑ Jump to week- Week 28
- Quiz: Propagation by cuttings and by layering
- WAEC prep: The care and maintenance of ornamental plants
- Practice set: Establishing a school flower garden
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a plant raised from a cutting varies from its parent in the way a seedling does
- Let me explain: Budding and grafting in ornamental plants
- Teach me: Propagation of ornamentals by seed
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 29
- Quiz: Rice blast and its control
- Quiz: Cassava bacterial blight
- WAEC prep: Groundnut rosette and its management
- Practice set: Identifying a cereal or legume disease from symptoms
- WAEC prep: Black pod disease of cocoa
- Spot my mistake: Treating maize rust and maize smut as one disease because both discolour the plant
- Spot my mistake: Confusing a nutrient deficiency with a disease
- Let me explain: Cowpea mosaic and leaf spot
- Let me explain: Yam anthracnose and tuber rot
- Teach me: Maize rust and maize smut
- Teach me: Cassava mosaic disease and its spread
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 30
- Quiz: Stem borers of cereal crops
- WAEC prep: Storage insect pests and their control
- Practice set: Integrated pest management on a Nigerian farm
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a chewing insect and a sucking insect do the same damage and need the same chemical
- Let me explain: Pod borers and sucking insects of legumes
- Teach me: The mouthparts of insect pests and the damage each type causes
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 31
- Quiz: Rodents and the damage they do in field and store
- Quiz: The common weeds of Nigerian farmland
- WAEC prep: Methods of controlling non-insect pests
- WAEC prep: Cultural, mechanical, biological and chemical weed control
- Practice set: Choosing a weed control method for a named crop
- Spot my mistake: Control methods that harm useful wildlife
- Spot my mistake: Treating any plant that is not the crop as harmless so long as the crop still looks healthy
- Let me explain: Monkeys, grasscutters and other mammalian pests
- Let me explain: The effects of weeds on crop yield
- Teach me: Birds as pests of cereal crops
- Teach me: Classifying weeds by life cycle and by morphology
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 32
- Quiz: The digestive system of a non-ruminant
- WAEC prep: The circulatory system and the composition of blood
- Practice set: How digestive type determines the feed an animal is given
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a ruminant has four separate stomachs
- Let me explain: Rumination and microbial digestion
- Teach me: The digestive system of a ruminant
Revisit from three weeks ago
Animal Nutrition, Health and Rangeland
↑ Jump to week- Week 33
- Quiz: Gestation periods of the common farm animals
- Quiz: Roughages and concentrates in animal feeding
- WAEC prep: Lactation and the factors affecting milk yield
- WAEC prep: Nutritional deficiency disorders in livestock
- Practice set: Computing a balanced ration for a named animal
- Spot my mistake: Misreading the signs of heat and missing service
- Spot my mistake: Treating a ration that fills the animal as automatically a balanced one
- Let me explain: Parturition and the care of the newborn
- Let me explain: Feed additives and supplements
- Teach me: Mating and fertilisation in farm animals
- Teach me: The classes of nutrient required by farm animals
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 34
- Quiz: Foot and mouth disease in cattle
- WAEC prep: Anthrax and brucellosis as bacterial diseases
- Practice set: A vaccination programme for a poultry flock
- Spot my mistake: Assuming Newcastle disease in poultry can be cured with an antibiotic
- Let me explain: Rinderpest and its historic control
- Teach me: Newcastle disease in poultry
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 35
- Quiz: Trypanosomiasis and the tsetse fly
- Quiz: Liver fluke and its life cycle
- WAEC prep: Babesiosis and other tick-borne protozoal diseases
- WAEC prep: The effects of parasites on livestock production
- Practice set: A parasite control programme for a herd
- Spot my mistake: Confusing a fungal skin condition with an external parasite
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a dewormer also clears ticks and mites from an animal
- Let me explain: Coccidiosis in poultry
- Let me explain: Ticks, mites and lice as external parasites
- Teach me: Ringworm and aspergillosis as fungal diseases
- Teach me: Roundworms and tapeworms in farm animals
Revisit from three weeks ago - Week 36
- Quiz: The grasses and legumes of natural rangeland
- WAEC prep: Overgrazing, its causes and its consequences
- Practice set: Improving a degraded pasture
- Spot my mistake: Assuming a larger herd on the same rangeland always yields more meat
- Let me explain: Rotational grazing and stocking rate
- Teach me: What rangeland is and where it is found in Nigeria
Revisit from three weeks ago